Significance of Pradnyaparadha in Swasthaya-Rakshana with special reference to Ayurveda and Upanishad: A Critical Review

Abstract

Background: According to Charaka Samhita, three main etiological factors for diseases are Pradnyaparadha, Parinama and Asatmyendriyartha Samyoga. Pradnyaparadha is considered to be the main cause of many Nija and all Agantu  Vyadhi. Ratharupaka analogy from Upanishad can be correlated with the concept of Ayu given in Ayurveda. In the same way, Avidnyanavan concept of Kathopanishad resembles with Pradnyaparadha.

Objective: The objective was to study the concept of Pradnyaparadha in comparison to Ratharupaka (Analogy of Chariot) & to show its significance in Ayurveda.

Methods: In this critical review, Pradnyaparadha and Dnyanotpatti-Kriya have been compiled from Charaka Samhita and principal Upanishads, especially Kathopanishad; further, it was interpreted and compared with contemporary references of Pradnyaparadha (intellectual error).

Results: Detailed descriptions of ‘Pradnyaparadha’ in Charaka Samhita & concept of ‘Avidnyanavan’ in the analogy of the chariot from Kathopanishad are similar in nature & thus both these treatises guide human beings to avoid these errors to lead to healthy & happy life. This combined study of two treatises helps in understanding the concept in an easier manner.

Conclusion: Detailed description of ‘Pradnyaparadha’ in Charaka Samhita & concept of ‘Avidnyanavan’ in the analogy of Chariot from Kathopanishad is similar in nature & thus both these treatises guide human beings to avoid these errors to lead to healthy & happy life.