Role Of Agni In Ocular Physiology And Pathology

Abstract

Abstract: The human eye translates light stimuli into visual information, enabling comprehension of external world. According to Ayurvedic physiology, Agni - the elemental principle of fire, heat, and light- has a crucial role in vision. This study explores the structural and functional association between Tej Mahabhoota, and ocular physiology and pathologies, as described by classical Ayurvedic texts. The Agni Mahabhoota is predominant component in vascular structures of eye, supporting visual function through Alochaka Pitta. The Drishti- functional unit of vision- is enriched by Avyaya Tej, reflecting the integral role of agni in visual perception. Tejojalashrit layer among the ocular Patalas underscores the structural dependence of the eye on Tej. Disturbances in Agni balance, particularly due to increased vitiated Kapha & kleda (associated with Jala Mahabhoota) which further affects the Rakta contributes to ocular pathology. This manifests into increased srava in urdhwajatrugat region, perticularly in eyes leading to Abhishyanda. When this pathology exagerates, generates Adhimantha and other eye diseases. Therapeutic measures like Anjana Karma and Langhana restore Agni equilibrium and prevent disease progression. The findings emphasize that maintaining the functional integrity of Agni is fundamental to preserving ocular health and preventing degenerative visual disorders within Ayurvedic framework.

Keywords: Agni, Ayurved, ocular physiology, ocular pathology, Tej, Alochak pitta, Drushti, Tejojalashrit pata